CLASS X_QuestionBank_SSt
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8. Describe the events of French Revolution which had influenced the people
belonging to other parts of Europe.
Ans: The French revolution took place in 1789 had various impacts on Europe. -the revolution
led to the setting up of Jacobin Clubs in different cities of Europe. -paved way for the French
armies to move into Holland, Belgium, Switzerland and some parts of Italy. -the idea of
nationalism began to be carried by French armies -rise of Napoleon, the concept of equality
of law and uniform laws, liberate the people of Europe from despotic rulers -the concept of
nation states.
9. Explain the contribution of Otto von Bismarck in German unification. Ans: Germany
was united by the Prussian Chief Minister Otto Von Bismarck with the help of the Prussian
Army and bureaucracy. Prussia fought three wars with Austria, Denmark and France over
seven years and won. It completed the process of unification.
Finally the German Empire was proclaimed and William I was crowned as the Emperor.
10. Explain the process of unification of Italy.
Ans: The Italian state of Sardinia-Piedmont played the role of uniting Italy, similar to that play
by Prussia in the case of Germany. Count Camillo de Cavour the chief minister of Sardinia
Piedmont led the movement to unite the separate states of 19th century Italy with the help of
army and an alliance with France. The regions annexed by Giuseppe Garibaldi and his Red
Shirts joined with the Northern regions to form a united Italy in 1861. The Papal states joined it
in 1870.
11. Describe any five steps taken by the French revolutionaries to create a sense of
collective identity among the French people.
Ans: They introduced the idea of la patrie and le citoyen, concept of a uited community
enjoying equal rights under a constitution-new French flag to replace royal standard flagthe
Estates General, elected body of active citizens, renamed the National Assembly-new hymns
composed, oaths taken, martyrs commemorated- established centralized administrative
system, formulated uniform law for all-adopted uniform system of weights and measures,
internal custom duties were abolished- promoted French language, discouraged regional
dialects.
12. Describe the process of unification of Britain.
Ans: In Britain, the formation of nation state was not the result of a sudden upheaval or
revolution-it was a long drawn process.-role of ethnic groups: their cultural identitiessteady
growth of the English nation in case of wealth, importance and power, Act of unior 1707-
between Scotland and England-language and religious policies-1801 Ireland was incorporated
forcibly into Britain.
Nationalism in India
Long Questions (5m)
1.
Explain the Satyagraha movements organized by Mahatma Gandhi before starting
freedom movement of India.
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