CLASS X_QuestionBank_SSt
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The Rise of Nationalism in Europe
Long questions (5Marks)
1. How had the female figures become an allegory of the nation during the 19th
century in Europe?
Ans: Nations were portrayed as female figure. The female form that was chosen to
personify the nation did not stand for any particular woman in real life. It gives an
abstract idea of the nation in concrete form.
2. The decade of 1830 had brought great economic hardships in Europe’. Support the
statement with arguments.
Ans: enormous increase in population, more jobs seekers than employment, population
from rural areas migrated to cities, small producers faced competition, and peasant
struggled under the feudal dues, rise of price of food crops and bad harvest.
3. Describe the role of culture in shaping the feelings of nationalism in Europe from
1830 to the end of 19th century.
Ans: culture helped to express and shape nationalist feeling, shared collective heritage,
criticized the glorification of reason and science, German philosophers Johann Gottfried
popularized the true spirit of nation through folk song, folk poetry and folk dance.
4. What were main aims of the Treaty of Vienna of 1815?
Ans: The Bourbon dynasty was restored to power and France lost the territories it had
annexed. A series of states were set up o the boundaries of France. Prussia was given
important new territories on its western frontiers, while Austria was given control of
Northern Italy. The German confederation of 39 states was left untouched.
5. Explain causes of conflict in the ‘Balkan area’ after 1871.
Ans: Slav nationalities struggle for their identity and independence, the Balkan states were
fiercely jealous of each other and wanted to gain more territory, rivalry among the
European powers over trade and colonies as well as army and naval might, Balkan tension
led to a series of wars and finally the First World War.
6. What was the Act of Union, 1707?
Ans: Scotland got incorporated in Britain through this Act of Union of 1707, England
could impose its influence on Scotland, The catholic clans of Scottish Highlands suffered
terrible repression, they were forbidden to speak their Gaelic language, wear their national
dress, many were forcibly driven out of their homeland.
7. Explain social and administrative reforms introduced by Napoleon in regions under
his control.
Ans: Did away all privileges based on birth. Simplified administrative divisions, Established
equality before the law and secured the right to property. Simplified administrative
division, abolished the feudal system, freed peasants from serfdom and manorial dues,
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