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R I C H A R D C. R A M E R

Special List 493

Military

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R I C H A R D C . R A M E R

Old and Rare Books

225 east 70th street . suite 12f . new york, n.y. 10021-5217

Email rcramer@livroraro.com . Website www.livroraro.com

Telephones (212) 737 0222 and 737 0223

Fax (212) 288 4169

November 15, 2023

Special List 493

Military

Items marked with an asterisk (*)

will be shipped from Lisbon.

SATISFACTION GUARANTEED:

All items are understood to be on approval,

and may be returned within a reasonable time

for any reason whatsoever.

VISITORS BY APPOINTMENT

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Special List 493

Military

Regulations for a Military Academy

1. [ACADEMIA MILITAR, Santiago]. Reglamento de la Academia Mili-

tar ... [text begins:] Debiendo el Director de la Academia militar someterse al

reglamento que por el articulo 3º del decreto de 19 de julio del presente ano ha

de servirle de pauta .... [Santiago de Chile]: Imprenta de la Opinion, dated

29 August 1831. 4°, early plain wrappers (soiled, stained). Caption title.

Light stains and soiling. In good condition. 33 pp.

$500.00

FIRST and ONLY EDITION of these regulations for the second incarnation of the

Academia Militar, ancestor of Chile’s present Escuela Militar. They specify admission

requirements, a four-year course of study with the content of each course (pp. 17-24)

and the exams (pp. 24-28), what the cadets will be doing every hour of every day, and

even how often they will shave and change their linen. Also covered are the duties of

the director, sub-director, faculty, chaplain, surgeon, bursar, and doorman. Like many

military academies established after the Napoleonic Wars, this one followed the French

model in organization, regulations, and uniforms.

The Academia was founded in 1817 by Bernardo O’Higgins, but closed for financial

reasons in 1819. President Ramón Freire, attempting to reopen the school a few years later,

failed due to the chaotic situation in Chile during the 1820s. It was finally reestablished in

1831, under President José Joaquin Prieto and his minister Diego Portales. After another

lapse (1838-1842), it reopened under the name Escuela Militar, and has existed since then

with only one brief hiatus (1876-1878).

OCLC attributes the work to Fernando Errázuriz and Diego Portales.

❊ Briseño I, 296. OCLC: 237317882 (Harvard University); 55247752 (Biblioteca

Nacional de Chile). Not located in CCPBE. Not located in Rebiun. Not located in Jisc.

Skirmishes in the War for the Restoration of Portuguese Independence

*2. [ALARCÃO, Rui Figueiredo de]. Relaçam da victoria que o general da

cavallaria Francisco de Mello Mo[n]teiro mòr do Reyno teve dos Castelhanos,

nos campos de Badajoz, dia do glorioso Sanctiago do presente anno de 1642.

[Colophon] Lisbon: Na Officina de Domingos Lopes Rosa, 1642. 8°,

disbound. Caption title. Elegant woodcut initial “T” on recto of first

leaf. Upper margin cut short, but never touching text. Single pinpoint

wormhole in lower inner margins, never affecting the text. A bit of light

toning. In good to very good condition. [4 ll.].

$600.00

FIRST and ONLY EDITION. Describes an engagement during the war for the res-

toration of Portuguese independence (the Restauração) that occurred on July 24, 1642,

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as well as events leading up to that engagement and subsequent events near Olivença,

Badajoz and Elvas on the Portuguese-Spanish frontier.

Fighting between Spain and Portugal broke out periodically from 1640, when D. João

IV was acclaimed king of Portugal, to 1668, when the Treaty of Lisbon was signed. During

those 28 years, only five major battles were fought. Usually the hostilities took the form

of border skirmishes and sacks of nearby towns, of the sort described in this newsletter.

❊ Arouca A82. Cruz, Tipografia portuguesa do séc. XVII: A colecção da Biblioteca

Nacional, I (all published) 63. Innocêncio XVIII, 183. Martinho da Fonseca, Restauração

163. Exposição bibliográfica da Restauração 1181. Trindade Restauração 146. Palha 3129.

Azevedo-Samodães 2686. Ameal 937. Not in Martins de Carvalho, Dicionário bibliográ-

fico militar português (1976), which cites five other titles by this author. Not located in

Coimbra, Miscelâneas. Not in Goldsmith, Short Title Catalogue of Spanish and Portuguese

Books 1601-1700 in the Library of the British Museum. OCLC: 460968515 (Bibliothèque

Nationale de France); 165467462 (Bayerische Staatsbibliothek). Porbase cites a copy in

the Biblioteca Nacional de Portugal (in poor condition) and another, from the collec-

tion of the Visconde da Trindade, in the Biblioteca Geral da Universidade de Coimbra

(“aparado”). Not located in Jisc.

Survey of the the Island of São Miguel in the Azores

With Suggestions for Commercial Improvements

3. ALBUQUERQUE, Luís da Silva Mouzinho de, and Ignacio Pitta

de Castro Menezes. Observações sobre a Ilha de S. Miguel recolhidas pela

commissão enviada á mesma ilha em Agosto de 1825, e regressada em Outubro

do mesmo anno. Lisbon: Na Impressão Regia, 1826. Large 4° (27 x 20.5

cm.), twentieth-century tan sheep (third quarter? very slight wear),

smooth spine gilt, covers with double-ruled borders in blind, front

cover with authors, title, and date in gilt, machine-marbled endleaves,

top edges rouged, other edges uncut. Woodcut Portuguese royal arms

on title page. Internally fresh, clean, and crisp. Overall in very good to

fine condition. 43 pp., three large lithographic folding maps. $800.00

FIRST EDITION. There exists a facsimile edition of 1989 published by the Câmara

Municipal de Povoação, which appears to be of even greater rarity than the original.

Observações includes a history of São Miguel since its discovery by the Portuguese in

1427, a survey of its secular and ecclesiastical divisions, and statistics on military, agri-

culture, education, trade, and property ownership. The list of necessary improvements

(pp. 34-36) includes a larger bay and better roads. Valle das Furnas and its waters are

considered on pp. 37-43.

The large folding lithographs include a military and hydrographic map of the Island

of São Miguel (38.6 x 61 cm.); a plan of the Valle das Furnas on the same island (36 x 47.5

cm.); and a plan of the hot springs in the Valle das Furnas (36.7 x 45.8 cm.). The first was

prepared by Lieutenant Colonel José Carlos de Figueiredo in 1824, while the two plans

were prepared by the authors in 1825.

Mousinho de Albuquerque (1792-1846), became a colonel in the army engineer-

ing corps, Provador da Casa da Moeda (where he lectured on physics and chemistry),

Governor of Madeira, Inspector of Public Works, deputy in various legislatures, and

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minister in several constitutional governments. An active proponent of the liberal cause,

he died at Torres Vedras of a bullet wound in the Lutas da Patuleia. A member of the

Academia Real das Sciencias de Lisboa, his textbook Curso elementar de física e química

(5 volumes, Lisbon 1824) is said to be the first such complete work in Portuguese, while

Ideas sobre o estabelecimento da instrucção publica (Paris 1823) was a comprehensive plan

for university reform.

❊ Innocêncio V, 323. Canto, Biblioteca açoriana 1811. Canto, Inventario 72. Not in

Afonso, Bibliografia geral dos Açores. OCLC: 27968704 (University of Massachusetts-

Dartmouth, Harvard Business School, Newberry Library, Washington University in St.

Louis, Bibliothèque central du Museum national d’histoire naturelle, Bibliothèque inter-

universitaire Sainte-Geneviève, Universitätsbibliothek Kassel); 458858015 (Bibliothèque

nationale de France); 504308498 (British Library); 1062277713 (Internet resource digitized

from British Library copy). Porbase locates seven copies: two in the Biblioteca Nacional

de Portugal, three in the Instituto de Investigação Científica e Tropical, and one each in

the Biblioteca João Paulo II-Universidade Católica Portuguesa, and the Biblioteca Central

da Marinha. Jisc repeats British Library only.

Between a Rock and a Hard Place:

Portuguese Commander During the Peninsular War

4. [ALORNA, Pedro de Almeida Portugal, 3.º Marquês de]. Memoria

justificativa do Marquez d’Alorna. Hamburg: Na Typographia de F.H.

Nestler, (1823). Large 4° (27 x 21.5 cm.), contemporary straight-grain

morocco (three pinpoint wormholes on front cover, slight wear to

spine), gilt-rolled border on each cover, green endleaves, all text-block

edges gilt. Wood-engraved vignette on title page. Light browning. In

fine condition. Unsigned presentation inscription to Pedro Gabe de

Massarellos, Portuguese consul general in Hamburg, on front flyleaf

recto. 26 pp.

$900.00

FIRST and ONLY EDITION, very rare, of this defense of the third Marquês de

Alorna’s conduct during the Peninsular War. The Marquês (Pedro de Almeida Portugal,

1754-1813) held several high military positions from 1801 to 1807, during which time he

did what he could to prepare Portugal for the inevitable invasion by French and Spanish

forces. When it came in November 1807, Alorna was ordered by his superiors to offer no

resistance. Left at the mercy of the French occupiers following the royal family’s flight

to Brazil, the Portuguese army was converted into a “Portuguese Legion” and sent into

Spain and France to fight for Napoleon. Alorna went as well, returning to Portugal in

1810 as part of the invading forces led by Marshal Masséna. For this action, Alorna was

convicted in absentia of lèse majesté and sentenced to death, his property was confiscated,

and a substantial bounty placed on his head. Alorna later took part in Napoleon’s ill-fated

invasion of Russia, dying at Königsberg during the retreat.

The Memoria describes and defends Alorna’s actions, to the extent of crediting him

with preserving the Portuguese monarchy by providing the royal family sufficient time

to flee to Brazil. It was probably written by, or at the behest of, Alorna’s sister, D. Leonor

de Almeida, 4.ª Marquesa de Alorna (1750-1839). A highly regarded poet and patron of

the arts, the Marquesa successfully petitioned for the restoration of her brother’s honor

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(and his property). Pages 17-26 print the text of the judicial decision, dated Lisbon, August

16, 1823, reversing Alorna’s conviction.

❊ Innocêncio VI, 181: “documento de que ainda não vi mais que dous ou tres

exemplares.” Ayres Magalhães de Sepúlveda, Dicionário bibliográfico da Guerra Peninsular

I, 38. Not in Biblioteca Pública de Braga, Catálogo do Fundo Barca-Oliveira. Not in Welsh

or Greenlee Catalogue. Not in Martins de Carvalho, Dicionário bibliográfico militar portu-

guês (1976). Not in Azevedo-Samodães, Ameal, Avila-Perez or Monteverde. On Gabe de

Massarellos, see Innocêncio VI, 409. Not located in NUC. OCLC: 245944499 (Staats- und

Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg); 300655764 (digitized). Not located in Porbase. Not

located in Jisc.

Conduct of the Marquês de Alorna in the Peninsular War

*5. [ALORNA, Pedro de Almeida Portugal, 3º Marques de]. Memoria

justificativa do Marquez d’Alorna. Hamburg: Na Typographia de F.H.

Nestler, (1823). Large 4°, contemporary plain peach wrappers (rebacked;

very minor insect damage), contemporary paper label on front cover

Wood-engraved vignette on title page. Light browning. In very good

to fine condition. Bookplate of Anibal Fernandes Thomáz. 26 pp.

$600.00

FIRST and ONLY EDITION, very rare, of this defense of the third Marquês de

Alorna’s conduct during the Peninsular War. The Marques (Pedro de Almeida Portugal,

1754-1813) held several high military positions from 1801 to 1807, during which time he

did what he could to prepare Portugal for the inevitable invasion by French and Spanish

forces. When it came in November 1807, Alorna was ordered by his superiors to offer no

resistance. Left at the mercy of the French occupiers following the royal family’s flight

to Brazil, the Portuguese army was converted into a “Portuguese Legion” and sent into

Spain and France to fight for Napoleon. Alorna went as well, returning to Portugal in

1810 as part of the invading forces led by Marshal Masséna. For this action, Alorna was

convicted in absentia of lèse majesté and sentenced to death, his property was confiscated,

and a substantial bounty placed on his head. Alorna later took part in Napoleon’s ill-fated

invasion of Russia, dying at Königsberg during the retreat.

The Memoria describes and defends Alorna’s actions, to the extent of crediting him

with preserving the Portuguese monarchy by providing the royal family sufficient time

to flee to Brazil. It was probably written by, or at the behest of, Alorna’s sister, D. Leonor

de Almeida, 4º Marquesa de Alorna (1750-1839). A highly regarded poet and patron of

the arts, the Marquesa successfully petitioned for the restoration of her brother’s honor

(and his property). Pages 17-26 print the text of the judicial decision, dated Lisbon, August

16, 1823, reversing Alorna’s conviction.

Provenance: Aníbal Fernandes Thomáz [or Aníbal Fernandes Tomás], 1849-1911.

Writer, government official, and distinguished bibliophile, he was also a collector of

ex-libris, super-libris, rare books, and prints. Fernandes Thomaz was born in Figueira-

da-Foz and served as a postal inspector in Lisbon, as well as in other government posts.

Concurrently he formed an outstanding library of books and prints and published pro-

lifically on bibliographical and historical topics. His writings include works on Camões,

Portuguese bookplates, Portuguese super-libris, Portuguese engravers, and engraved

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and lithographic portraits. His library was sold at auction in 1912; the catalogue is one

of the most important for Portuguese books.

❊ Innocêncio VI, 181: “documento de que ainda não vi mais que dous ou tres

exemplares.” Ayres Magalhães de Sepúlveda, Dicionário bibliográfico da Guerra Peninsular

I, 38. Not in Biblioteca Pública de Braga, Catálogo do Fundo Barca-Oliveira. Not in Welsh

or Greenlee Catalogue. Not in Azevedo-Samodães, Ameal, Avila-Perez or Monteverde.

On Gabe de Massarellos, see Innocêncio VI, 409. Not located in NUC. OCLC: 300655764

(eBook); 245944499 (Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg). Not located in Por-

base. Not located in Jisc.

Rebirth of the Study of Mathematics and Engineering in Portugal and the

Reflection of this Movement in Brazil: Second Book on Military Engineering

Written in Brazil and Second Such Book Written by a Brazilian, Dedicated

to Gomes Freire de Andrade—With 20 Folding Engraved Plates

6. ALPOIM, José Fernandes Pinto de. Exame de bombeiros, que com-

prehende dez tratados .... Madrid: En la Officina de Francisco Martinez

Abad, 1748. 4°, contemporary sheep (chafed, upper joint cracking),

spine gilt with raised bands in five compartments (upper compartment

defective), crimson leather lettering piece in second compartment from

head (slightly defective), text-block edges sprinkled. Title page in red

and black. Engraved allegorical vignette on f. *3r. Engraved portrait

of Gomes Freire de Andrade laid in: trimmed, with small piece miss-

ing from frame at lower edge, and with traces of glue on verso. Plate

XVI somewhat browned, plate XVIII dampstained. In good condition.

Lithograph bookplate: “EMMANVEL” in a circle around a five-pointed

star. Engraved portrait, (20 ll.), 444 pp. [i.e., 442; pagination skips from

372 to 375], 20 folding engraved plates and 1 folding table. $4,000.00

FIRST and ONLY EDITION. This work and Alpoim’s Exame de artilheiros, Lisbon

1744, are “proofs of the rebirth of the study of mathematics and engineering in Portugal

and the reflection of this movement in Brazil, and they symbolize a Luso-Brazilian con-

tribution to this movement. They are, in short, the first two books on military engineering

written in Brazil and the first two ‘textbooks’ of this kind by a Brazilian author” (Borba

de Moraes I, 26).

The Exame de bombeiros is a comprehensive textbook on military bombardment.

Written in dialogue form, the Exame first covers the mathematics necessary for plotting

trajectories, proceeds to a long discussion of mortars and how to use them most effec-

tively, describes more recent inventions such as the howitzer and the petard, and closes

with a long treatise on the many types of incendiary shells and their proper use. The text

is enhanced with frequent references to the contributions of other military engineers,

including Galileo and Vauban, and historical notes on how bombardment had contrib-

uted to the success or failure of various military campaigns. The plates depict mortars,

projectiles, and incendiary shells, many shown in cross section.

Borba de Moraes devotes three pages to unraveling the “veritable bibliographic

puzzle” of the printing of this work, and to dispelling the myth that it and/or Alpoim’s

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Exame de artilheiros were printed in Rio de Janeiro by Antonio Isidoro da Fonseca in

1747—a theory first suggested by Varnhagen. Since the Exame de artilheiros was banned

by a decree of 15 July 1744 (for not adhering to the rules for the use of military titles),

Varnhagen thought Fonseca might not have wished to publish it under his own imprint.

To support his theory, Varnhagen cited the facts that Alpoim was a native of Brazil, that

the work was written there and dedicated to Gomes Freire de Andrade, Governor of

Brazil, and that the letters to the author in the preliminary leaves are from Brazilians. The

most puzzling evidence of all is plate XVII, which has “Rio 1749” engraved in the lower

right-hand corner. If this plate was engraved and printed in Brazil, it would be the earliest

extant Brazilian engraving. Even Borba de Moraes, who argues strongly that the Exame

de bombeiros and Exame de artilheiros were printed in Madrid and Lisbon, as their respec-

tive title-pages state, could give no convincing explanation of the plate XVII inscription.

Alpoim was born in Rio de Janeiro and served as professor at the Aula de Fortificação

in Rio de Janeiro; at his death in 1770 he held the rank of Brigadier.

The engraved portrait of Gomes Freire de Andrade is signed by Olivarius Cor.

Soares notes that nothing is known of this artist except that he worked in Portugal from

1744-1748, and may have been one of the foreigners invited by D. João V.

The other plates, which illustrate geometric figures, cross-sections of cannons, and

ballistics, are signed by José Francisco Chaves, about whom Soares had no biographical

information.

❊ Borba de Moraes (1983) I, 25-7: “famous and rare”; Período colonial 9-10. Alden

& Landis 748/2. Sacramento Blake IV, 422. Innocêncio IV, 326. Pinto de Mattos (1970) p.

505. Carvalho, Dicionário bibliográfico militar portugues I, 58-9. Soares, História da gravura

artística em Portugal 499-500. Bosch 194 (cf. 187). Mindlin, Highlights 384. Indiana Univer-

sity, Lilly Library, Brazil 48. Not in Rodrigues. On Olivarius Cor, see Soares, História da

gravura artística em Portugal I, 171, nº 499 (under Chaves); on Olivarius Cor, see I, 180-185

(this work not listed). NUC: DLC-P4, ICN. OCLC: 35175211 (Catholic University-Oliveira

Lima Library, Library of Congress, Newberry Library, Brown University); 18678333

(Arizona Historical Society, University of Michigan, University of Mississippi); 79814401

(John Carter Brown Library); 257680375 (Universität Göttingen); 433371703 (Biblioteca

Nacional de España). Porbase lists a copy at the Biblioteca Nacional de Portugal, and

another copy there with the imprint “Lisboa: Imp. Regia 174?” Not located in Jisc. KVK

(51 databases searched) repeats Porbase.

Study of Portugal’s Defenses Just Before the Peninsular War

7. ANDRADE, Gomes Freire de. Ensaio sobre o methodo de organisar

em Portugal o exercito relativo á população, agricultura, e defeza do paiz ....

Lisbon: Na Nova Officina de João Rodrigues Neves, 1806. 4°, contem-

porary limp vellum (supplied from another work?). Uncut. Internally

very fine; overall in very good to fine condition. xii, 407, (1) pp. $900.00

FIRST and ONLY EDITION of this theoretical but practical treatise by one of the

martyrs of Portuguese liberty. Lieutenant-General Gomes Freire de Andrade was tried

and executed as the leader of the 1817 conspiracy against Marshal Beresford and the

Portuguese government.

This painstakingly thorough work, published just before the French invasion of

Portugal in 1807, includes a discussion of the lines of defense of Portugal, province by

province (pp. 86-96). Freire de Andrade also discusses how to select soldiers, how to keep

the army from disrupting civilian life, and how to disband the army. He bases many of

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