s pe c i a l l i s t 4 9 3
R I C H A R D C. R A M E R
Special List 493
Military
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R I C H A R D C . R A M E R
Old and Rare Books
225 east 70th street . suite 12f . new york, n.y. 10021-5217
Email rcramer@livroraro.com . Website www.livroraro.com
Telephones (212) 737 0222 and 737 0223
Fax (212) 288 4169
November 15, 2023
Special List 493
Military
Items marked with an asterisk (*)
will be shipped from Lisbon.
SATISFACTION GUARANTEED:
All items are understood to be on approval,
and may be returned within a reasonable time
for any reason whatsoever.
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s pe c i a l l i s t 4 9 3
Special List 493
Military
Regulations for a Military Academy
1. [ACADEMIA MILITAR, Santiago]. Reglamento de la Academia Mili-
tar ... [text begins:] Debiendo el Director de la Academia militar someterse al
reglamento que por el articulo 3º del decreto de 19 de julio del presente ano ha
de servirle de pauta .... [Santiago de Chile]: Imprenta de la Opinion, dated
29 August 1831. 4°, early plain wrappers (soiled, stained). Caption title.
Light stains and soiling. In good condition. 33 pp.
$500.00
FIRST and ONLY EDITION of these regulations for the second incarnation of the
Academia Militar, ancestor of Chile’s present Escuela Militar. They specify admission
requirements, a four-year course of study with the content of each course (pp. 17-24)
and the exams (pp. 24-28), what the cadets will be doing every hour of every day, and
even how often they will shave and change their linen. Also covered are the duties of
the director, sub-director, faculty, chaplain, surgeon, bursar, and doorman. Like many
military academies established after the Napoleonic Wars, this one followed the French
model in organization, regulations, and uniforms.
The Academia was founded in 1817 by Bernardo O’Higgins, but closed for financial
reasons in 1819. President Ramón Freire, attempting to reopen the school a few years later,
failed due to the chaotic situation in Chile during the 1820s. It was finally reestablished in
1831, under President José Joaquin Prieto and his minister Diego Portales. After another
lapse (1838-1842), it reopened under the name Escuela Militar, and has existed since then
with only one brief hiatus (1876-1878).
OCLC attributes the work to Fernando Errázuriz and Diego Portales.
❊ Briseño I, 296. OCLC: 237317882 (Harvard University); 55247752 (Biblioteca
Nacional de Chile). Not located in CCPBE. Not located in Rebiun. Not located in Jisc.
Skirmishes in the War for the Restoration of Portuguese Independence
*2. [ALARCÃO, Rui Figueiredo de]. Relaçam da victoria que o general da
cavallaria Francisco de Mello Mo[n]teiro mòr do Reyno teve dos Castelhanos,
nos campos de Badajoz, dia do glorioso Sanctiago do presente anno de 1642.
[Colophon] Lisbon: Na Officina de Domingos Lopes Rosa, 1642. 8°,
disbound. Caption title. Elegant woodcut initial “T” on recto of first
leaf. Upper margin cut short, but never touching text. Single pinpoint
wormhole in lower inner margins, never affecting the text. A bit of light
toning. In good to very good condition. [4 ll.].
$600.00
FIRST and ONLY EDITION. Describes an engagement during the war for the res-
toration of Portuguese independence (the Restauração) that occurred on July 24, 1642,
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as well as events leading up to that engagement and subsequent events near Olivença,
Badajoz and Elvas on the Portuguese-Spanish frontier.
Fighting between Spain and Portugal broke out periodically from 1640, when D. João
IV was acclaimed king of Portugal, to 1668, when the Treaty of Lisbon was signed. During
those 28 years, only five major battles were fought. Usually the hostilities took the form
of border skirmishes and sacks of nearby towns, of the sort described in this newsletter.
❊ Arouca A82. Cruz, Tipografia portuguesa do séc. XVII: A colecção da Biblioteca
Nacional, I (all published) 63. Innocêncio XVIII, 183. Martinho da Fonseca, Restauração
163. Exposição bibliográfica da Restauração 1181. Trindade Restauração 146. Palha 3129.
Azevedo-Samodães 2686. Ameal 937. Not in Martins de Carvalho, Dicionário bibliográ-
fico militar português (1976), which cites five other titles by this author. Not located in
Coimbra, Miscelâneas. Not in Goldsmith, Short Title Catalogue of Spanish and Portuguese
Books 1601-1700 in the Library of the British Museum. OCLC: 460968515 (Bibliothèque
Nationale de France); 165467462 (Bayerische Staatsbibliothek). Porbase cites a copy in
the Biblioteca Nacional de Portugal (in poor condition) and another, from the collec-
tion of the Visconde da Trindade, in the Biblioteca Geral da Universidade de Coimbra
(“aparado”). Not located in Jisc.
Survey of the the Island of São Miguel in the Azores
With Suggestions for Commercial Improvements
3. ALBUQUERQUE, Luís da Silva Mouzinho de, and Ignacio Pitta
de Castro Menezes. Observações sobre a Ilha de S. Miguel recolhidas pela
commissão enviada á mesma ilha em Agosto de 1825, e regressada em Outubro
do mesmo anno. Lisbon: Na Impressão Regia, 1826. Large 4° (27 x 20.5
cm.), twentieth-century tan sheep (third quarter? very slight wear),
smooth spine gilt, covers with double-ruled borders in blind, front
cover with authors, title, and date in gilt, machine-marbled endleaves,
top edges rouged, other edges uncut. Woodcut Portuguese royal arms
on title page. Internally fresh, clean, and crisp. Overall in very good to
fine condition. 43 pp., three large lithographic folding maps. $800.00
FIRST EDITION. There exists a facsimile edition of 1989 published by the Câmara
Municipal de Povoação, which appears to be of even greater rarity than the original.
Observações includes a history of São Miguel since its discovery by the Portuguese in
1427, a survey of its secular and ecclesiastical divisions, and statistics on military, agri-
culture, education, trade, and property ownership. The list of necessary improvements
(pp. 34-36) includes a larger bay and better roads. Valle das Furnas and its waters are
considered on pp. 37-43.
The large folding lithographs include a military and hydrographic map of the Island
of São Miguel (38.6 x 61 cm.); a plan of the Valle das Furnas on the same island (36 x 47.5
cm.); and a plan of the hot springs in the Valle das Furnas (36.7 x 45.8 cm.). The first was
prepared by Lieutenant Colonel José Carlos de Figueiredo in 1824, while the two plans
were prepared by the authors in 1825.
Mousinho de Albuquerque (1792-1846), became a colonel in the army engineer-
ing corps, Provador da Casa da Moeda (where he lectured on physics and chemistry),
Governor of Madeira, Inspector of Public Works, deputy in various legislatures, and
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minister in several constitutional governments. An active proponent of the liberal cause,
he died at Torres Vedras of a bullet wound in the Lutas da Patuleia. A member of the
Academia Real das Sciencias de Lisboa, his textbook Curso elementar de física e química
(5 volumes, Lisbon 1824) is said to be the first such complete work in Portuguese, while
Ideas sobre o estabelecimento da instrucção publica (Paris 1823) was a comprehensive plan
for university reform.
❊ Innocêncio V, 323. Canto, Biblioteca açoriana 1811. Canto, Inventario 72. Not in
Afonso, Bibliografia geral dos Açores. OCLC: 27968704 (University of Massachusetts-
Dartmouth, Harvard Business School, Newberry Library, Washington University in St.
Louis, Bibliothèque central du Museum national d’histoire naturelle, Bibliothèque inter-
universitaire Sainte-Geneviève, Universitätsbibliothek Kassel); 458858015 (Bibliothèque
nationale de France); 504308498 (British Library); 1062277713 (Internet resource digitized
from British Library copy). Porbase locates seven copies: two in the Biblioteca Nacional
de Portugal, three in the Instituto de Investigação Científica e Tropical, and one each in
the Biblioteca João Paulo II-Universidade Católica Portuguesa, and the Biblioteca Central
da Marinha. Jisc repeats British Library only.
Between a Rock and a Hard Place:
Portuguese Commander During the Peninsular War
4. [ALORNA, Pedro de Almeida Portugal, 3.º Marquês de]. Memoria
justificativa do Marquez d’Alorna. Hamburg: Na Typographia de F.H.
Nestler, (1823). Large 4° (27 x 21.5 cm.), contemporary straight-grain
morocco (three pinpoint wormholes on front cover, slight wear to
spine), gilt-rolled border on each cover, green endleaves, all text-block
edges gilt. Wood-engraved vignette on title page. Light browning. In
fine condition. Unsigned presentation inscription to Pedro Gabe de
Massarellos, Portuguese consul general in Hamburg, on front flyleaf
recto. 26 pp.
$900.00
FIRST and ONLY EDITION, very rare, of this defense of the third Marquês de
Alorna’s conduct during the Peninsular War. The Marquês (Pedro de Almeida Portugal,
1754-1813) held several high military positions from 1801 to 1807, during which time he
did what he could to prepare Portugal for the inevitable invasion by French and Spanish
forces. When it came in November 1807, Alorna was ordered by his superiors to offer no
resistance. Left at the mercy of the French occupiers following the royal family’s flight
to Brazil, the Portuguese army was converted into a “Portuguese Legion” and sent into
Spain and France to fight for Napoleon. Alorna went as well, returning to Portugal in
1810 as part of the invading forces led by Marshal Masséna. For this action, Alorna was
convicted in absentia of lèse majesté and sentenced to death, his property was confiscated,
and a substantial bounty placed on his head. Alorna later took part in Napoleon’s ill-fated
invasion of Russia, dying at Königsberg during the retreat.
The Memoria describes and defends Alorna’s actions, to the extent of crediting him
with preserving the Portuguese monarchy by providing the royal family sufficient time
to flee to Brazil. It was probably written by, or at the behest of, Alorna’s sister, D. Leonor
de Almeida, 4.ª Marquesa de Alorna (1750-1839). A highly regarded poet and patron of
the arts, the Marquesa successfully petitioned for the restoration of her brother’s honor
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(and his property). Pages 17-26 print the text of the judicial decision, dated Lisbon, August
16, 1823, reversing Alorna’s conviction.
❊ Innocêncio VI, 181: “documento de que ainda não vi mais que dous ou tres
exemplares.” Ayres Magalhães de Sepúlveda, Dicionário bibliográfico da Guerra Peninsular
I, 38. Not in Biblioteca Pública de Braga, Catálogo do Fundo Barca-Oliveira. Not in Welsh
or Greenlee Catalogue. Not in Martins de Carvalho, Dicionário bibliográfico militar portu-
guês (1976). Not in Azevedo-Samodães, Ameal, Avila-Perez or Monteverde. On Gabe de
Massarellos, see Innocêncio VI, 409. Not located in NUC. OCLC: 245944499 (Staats- und
Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg); 300655764 (digitized). Not located in Porbase. Not
located in Jisc.
Conduct of the Marquês de Alorna in the Peninsular War
*5. [ALORNA, Pedro de Almeida Portugal, 3º Marques de]. Memoria
justificativa do Marquez d’Alorna. Hamburg: Na Typographia de F.H.
Nestler, (1823). Large 4°, contemporary plain peach wrappers (rebacked;
very minor insect damage), contemporary paper label on front cover
Wood-engraved vignette on title page. Light browning. In very good
to fine condition. Bookplate of Anibal Fernandes Thomáz. 26 pp.
$600.00
FIRST and ONLY EDITION, very rare, of this defense of the third Marquês de
Alorna’s conduct during the Peninsular War. The Marques (Pedro de Almeida Portugal,
1754-1813) held several high military positions from 1801 to 1807, during which time he
did what he could to prepare Portugal for the inevitable invasion by French and Spanish
forces. When it came in November 1807, Alorna was ordered by his superiors to offer no
resistance. Left at the mercy of the French occupiers following the royal family’s flight
to Brazil, the Portuguese army was converted into a “Portuguese Legion” and sent into
Spain and France to fight for Napoleon. Alorna went as well, returning to Portugal in
1810 as part of the invading forces led by Marshal Masséna. For this action, Alorna was
convicted in absentia of lèse majesté and sentenced to death, his property was confiscated,
and a substantial bounty placed on his head. Alorna later took part in Napoleon’s ill-fated
invasion of Russia, dying at Königsberg during the retreat.
The Memoria describes and defends Alorna’s actions, to the extent of crediting him
with preserving the Portuguese monarchy by providing the royal family sufficient time
to flee to Brazil. It was probably written by, or at the behest of, Alorna’s sister, D. Leonor
de Almeida, 4º Marquesa de Alorna (1750-1839). A highly regarded poet and patron of
the arts, the Marquesa successfully petitioned for the restoration of her brother’s honor
(and his property). Pages 17-26 print the text of the judicial decision, dated Lisbon, August
16, 1823, reversing Alorna’s conviction.
Provenance: Aníbal Fernandes Thomáz [or Aníbal Fernandes Tomás], 1849-1911.
Writer, government official, and distinguished bibliophile, he was also a collector of
ex-libris, super-libris, rare books, and prints. Fernandes Thomaz was born in Figueira-
da-Foz and served as a postal inspector in Lisbon, as well as in other government posts.
Concurrently he formed an outstanding library of books and prints and published pro-
lifically on bibliographical and historical topics. His writings include works on Camões,
Portuguese bookplates, Portuguese super-libris, Portuguese engravers, and engraved
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and lithographic portraits. His library was sold at auction in 1912; the catalogue is one
of the most important for Portuguese books.
❊ Innocêncio VI, 181: “documento de que ainda não vi mais que dous ou tres
exemplares.” Ayres Magalhães de Sepúlveda, Dicionário bibliográfico da Guerra Peninsular
I, 38. Not in Biblioteca Pública de Braga, Catálogo do Fundo Barca-Oliveira. Not in Welsh
or Greenlee Catalogue. Not in Azevedo-Samodães, Ameal, Avila-Perez or Monteverde.
On Gabe de Massarellos, see Innocêncio VI, 409. Not located in NUC. OCLC: 300655764
(eBook); 245944499 (Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg). Not located in Por-
base. Not located in Jisc.
Rebirth of the Study of Mathematics and Engineering in Portugal and the
Reflection of this Movement in Brazil: Second Book on Military Engineering
Written in Brazil and Second Such Book Written by a Brazilian, Dedicated
to Gomes Freire de Andrade—With 20 Folding Engraved Plates
6. ALPOIM, José Fernandes Pinto de. Exame de bombeiros, que com-
prehende dez tratados .... Madrid: En la Officina de Francisco Martinez
Abad, 1748. 4°, contemporary sheep (chafed, upper joint cracking),
spine gilt with raised bands in five compartments (upper compartment
defective), crimson leather lettering piece in second compartment from
head (slightly defective), text-block edges sprinkled. Title page in red
and black. Engraved allegorical vignette on f. *3r. Engraved portrait
of Gomes Freire de Andrade laid in: trimmed, with small piece miss-
ing from frame at lower edge, and with traces of glue on verso. Plate
XVI somewhat browned, plate XVIII dampstained. In good condition.
Lithograph bookplate: “EMMANVEL” in a circle around a five-pointed
star. Engraved portrait, (20 ll.), 444 pp. [i.e., 442; pagination skips from
372 to 375], 20 folding engraved plates and 1 folding table. $4,000.00
FIRST and ONLY EDITION. This work and Alpoim’s Exame de artilheiros, Lisbon
1744, are “proofs of the rebirth of the study of mathematics and engineering in Portugal
and the reflection of this movement in Brazil, and they symbolize a Luso-Brazilian con-
tribution to this movement. They are, in short, the first two books on military engineering
written in Brazil and the first two ‘textbooks’ of this kind by a Brazilian author” (Borba
de Moraes I, 26).
The Exame de bombeiros is a comprehensive textbook on military bombardment.
Written in dialogue form, the Exame first covers the mathematics necessary for plotting
trajectories, proceeds to a long discussion of mortars and how to use them most effec-
tively, describes more recent inventions such as the howitzer and the petard, and closes
with a long treatise on the many types of incendiary shells and their proper use. The text
is enhanced with frequent references to the contributions of other military engineers,
including Galileo and Vauban, and historical notes on how bombardment had contrib-
uted to the success or failure of various military campaigns. The plates depict mortars,
projectiles, and incendiary shells, many shown in cross section.
Borba de Moraes devotes three pages to unraveling the “veritable bibliographic
puzzle” of the printing of this work, and to dispelling the myth that it and/or Alpoim’s
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Exame de artilheiros were printed in Rio de Janeiro by Antonio Isidoro da Fonseca in
1747—a theory first suggested by Varnhagen. Since the Exame de artilheiros was banned
by a decree of 15 July 1744 (for not adhering to the rules for the use of military titles),
Varnhagen thought Fonseca might not have wished to publish it under his own imprint.
To support his theory, Varnhagen cited the facts that Alpoim was a native of Brazil, that
the work was written there and dedicated to Gomes Freire de Andrade, Governor of
Brazil, and that the letters to the author in the preliminary leaves are from Brazilians. The
most puzzling evidence of all is plate XVII, which has “Rio 1749” engraved in the lower
right-hand corner. If this plate was engraved and printed in Brazil, it would be the earliest
extant Brazilian engraving. Even Borba de Moraes, who argues strongly that the Exame
de bombeiros and Exame de artilheiros were printed in Madrid and Lisbon, as their respec-
tive title-pages state, could give no convincing explanation of the plate XVII inscription.
Alpoim was born in Rio de Janeiro and served as professor at the Aula de Fortificação
in Rio de Janeiro; at his death in 1770 he held the rank of Brigadier.
The engraved portrait of Gomes Freire de Andrade is signed by Olivarius Cor.
Soares notes that nothing is known of this artist except that he worked in Portugal from
1744-1748, and may have been one of the foreigners invited by D. João V.
The other plates, which illustrate geometric figures, cross-sections of cannons, and
ballistics, are signed by José Francisco Chaves, about whom Soares had no biographical
information.
❊ Borba de Moraes (1983) I, 25-7: “famous and rare”; Período colonial 9-10. Alden
& Landis 748/2. Sacramento Blake IV, 422. Innocêncio IV, 326. Pinto de Mattos (1970) p.
505. Carvalho, Dicionário bibliográfico militar portugues I, 58-9. Soares, História da gravura
artística em Portugal 499-500. Bosch 194 (cf. 187). Mindlin, Highlights 384. Indiana Univer-
sity, Lilly Library, Brazil 48. Not in Rodrigues. On Olivarius Cor, see Soares, História da
gravura artística em Portugal I, 171, nº 499 (under Chaves); on Olivarius Cor, see I, 180-185
(this work not listed). NUC: DLC-P4, ICN. OCLC: 35175211 (Catholic University-Oliveira
Lima Library, Library of Congress, Newberry Library, Brown University); 18678333
(Arizona Historical Society, University of Michigan, University of Mississippi); 79814401
(John Carter Brown Library); 257680375 (Universität Göttingen); 433371703 (Biblioteca
Nacional de España). Porbase lists a copy at the Biblioteca Nacional de Portugal, and
another copy there with the imprint “Lisboa: Imp. Regia 174?” Not located in Jisc. KVK
(51 databases searched) repeats Porbase.
Study of Portugal’s Defenses Just Before the Peninsular War
7. ANDRADE, Gomes Freire de. Ensaio sobre o methodo de organisar
em Portugal o exercito relativo á população, agricultura, e defeza do paiz ....
Lisbon: Na Nova Officina de João Rodrigues Neves, 1806. 4°, contem-
porary limp vellum (supplied from another work?). Uncut. Internally
very fine; overall in very good to fine condition. xii, 407, (1) pp. $900.00
FIRST and ONLY EDITION of this theoretical but practical treatise by one of the
martyrs of Portuguese liberty. Lieutenant-General Gomes Freire de Andrade was tried
and executed as the leader of the 1817 conspiracy against Marshal Beresford and the
Portuguese government.
This painstakingly thorough work, published just before the French invasion of
Portugal in 1807, includes a discussion of the lines of defense of Portugal, province by
province (pp. 86-96). Freire de Andrade also discusses how to select soldiers, how to keep
the army from disrupting civilian life, and how to disband the army. He bases many of