2020 • 21
ANNUAL
REPORT
PhARMprogram.org
2021 - 2022
@PhARMprogram
MEET THE TEAM
Lucas G. Hill
PharmD, BCACP
Director & Lead Instructor
Carlos F. Tirado
MD, MPH, FASAM
Medical Consultant &
Clinical Instructor
Claire Zagorski
MSc, LP
Coordinator & Harm
Reduction Instructor
Ms. Zagorski earned a Bachelor’s Degree at The University of
Texas at Austin and a Master’s Degree at The University of North
Texas Health Science Center. She has practiced clinically as a
paramedic in multiple treatment settings, including as a member of
the Austin Harm Reduction Coalition. She founded Longhorn Stop
the Bleed and is committed to supporting healthcare professionals
who seek to integrate harm reduction principles in their practice.
Dr. Hill graduated from the UMKC School of Pharmacy and
completed a combined residency/fellowship in the UPMC
Department of Family Medicine. He is now a clinical associate
professor at The University of Texas at Austin College of Pharmacy
where he founded the PhARM Program and Operation Naloxone.
Dr. Hill is the principal investigator for a five-year $25 million TTOR
contract to address the opioid crisis in Texas. He also serves on
the editorial board of JACCP and as past chair of the AACP SUD
Special Interest Group.
Lindsey J. Loera
PharmD
Research Fellow
Dr. Loera graduated from UT Austin College of Pharmacy in 2020
and is completing a two-year fellowship with the PhARM Program.
She conducts research related to the pharmacists’ role in substance
use disorder treatment and harm reduction and provides instruction
in pharmacotherapy and interprofessional collaboration courses.
Dr. Loera is a past President of the Student Pharmacist Recovery
Network and co-founded the P4 Addiction Medicine APPE at UT.
Dr. Tirado earned his MD and MPH degrees at UT Health,
completed a residency in psychiatry at UT Southwestern, and
completed a fellowship in addiction psychiatry at the University
of Pennsylvania. He is board-certified in general and addiction
psychiatry, and he is the founder and chief medical officer of
CARMAhealth – a primary care medical home for people with
substance use and psychiatric disorders.
2022-2023 RESEARCH ASSISTANTS
Amber Tran
Amber is a rising third-year pharmacy student who attended UT Austin for undergrad
where she earned a BS in Psychology. She is interested in interactions between biological,
psychological, and social factors that contribute to health outcomes. She has a passion
for mental health advocacy, reducing health disparities to promote health equity, and
hopes to pursue a career in psychiatric pharmacy.
Kami Johnston
Kami is a P4 student and is
the current student director
of Operation Naloxone.
Her primary research project
included delivering and
evaluating the impact of
interprofessional overdose
response education for health
professions students.
Morgan is a P4 student and
CPNP member. Her primary
research project included
interviewing the directors of
professional recovery programs
in Texas to describe their
policies related to medications
for opioid use disorder.
Morgan Murchison
Chandler Prevatt
Chandler is a former PharmD
student and the Founder and
Lead Developer of ELIFT
Creations. She built the
PhARMprogram.org website
and this annual report! She is
passionate about providing
community organizations with
the tools they need to advance
their goals.
Megan is a P4 student and
peer outreach chair for CPNP.
Her primary research project
focused on assessing the
availability of buprenorphine-
naloxone and naloxone nasal
spray in Harris County, TX and
Philadelphia County, PA.
Megan Yeung
2021-2022 RESEARCH ASSISTANTS
Grace Ukazim
Grace is a rising third-year pharmacy student at UTCOP. She is a pharmacist intern
at H-E-B Pharmacy and serves as treasurer and president-elect of SNPhA. She is
passionate about serving the underserved and looks forward to learning more about
addiction medicine and ways to positively impact healthcare.
TEXAS TARGETED OPIOID RESPONSE
The Texas Opioid Training Initiative at TXOTI.org is the hub for opioid-related
continuing education and clinical resources developed by our team with support from
the Texas Targeted Opioid Response. We owe special thanks to the UT Center for
Health Communication for web design and to UT Continuing Pharmacy Education for
facilitating development of free online CE programs – 17 hours and counting!
10,710
Pharmacists
579 physicians
510 advanced practice providers
324 social workers
227 nurses
170 counselorsph
97 peer recovery specialists
530 other
13,147 professionals have completed TXOTI CE programs in the past year alone!
We were honored to partner with Dr. Jennifer Potter and Be Well, Texas to
host the first in-person Texas Substance Use Symposium (TxSUS). TxSUS
was a remarkable success with 278 live attendees in Corpus Christi and 116
virtual attendees. Recorded plenaries from national and regional experts will
be available for free CE at TxSUS.org in June. Keep an eye on the website and
mark your calendar for TxSUS 2023 in San Antonio on March 27th and 28th!
Top Left: Jennifer Potter moderates the opening expert panel / Top Right: Texas Harm Reduction Alliance leads a workshop
Bottom Left: TxSUS attendees observe a plenary session / Bottom Right: Sunset in Corpus Christi, TX
NATIONAL RECOGNITION
Hill LG, Loera LJ, Evoy KE, Torrez SB, Renfro ML, Zagorski CM, Perez JC, Jones SM, Reveles KR. Availability of buprenorphine/naloxone films
and naloxone nasal spray in community pharmacies in Texas, United States. Addiction. DOI: 10.1111/ADD.15314
Most Texas pharmacies are not prepared to dispense
buprenorphine/naloxone films & naloxone nasal spray
704 pharmacies audited
471 chains
233 independents
A cross-sectional telephone audit with a secret shopper approach conducted in Spring 2020
Availability & willingness
to order were higher in
chains vs independents
34.1% reported availability of both
medications for prompt dispensing
62.2% without BUP/NX available
were willing to order it (M = 2 days)
60.1%
42.2%
39.9%
57.8%
BUP/NX
& NNS
Available
Willing to
Order
BUP/NX
45.0%
73.9%
12.0%
48.0%
BUP/NX 8/2mg
generic #14 films
NNS 4mg
brand #1 box
The American College of Clinical Pharmacy recently bestowed
the prestigious New Educator Award to Dr. Hill. Our team also
received the Ambulatory Care PRN Outstanding Paper Award for
our publication in Addiction, and Dr. Loera was recognized with
the Research Fellow Best Poster Award for an expansion of that
study in ten other U.S. states.
OPERATION NALOXONE
Operation Naloxone is an interprofessional collaboration led by student pharmacists
that provides overdose education and naloxone distribution on campus. Since 2016,
Operation Naloxone has trained 1,733 community members and distributed 1,518 doses
of naloxone!
To further enhance naloxone access on the UT Austin campus, Kami
Johnston and Claire Zagorski collaborated with faculty and staff across
the university to facilitate availability in campus libraries. Since February
2022, naloxone has been available for pickup at the Perry-Castañeda
Library, and for emergency access at the Life Sciences Library and Benson
Library. We owe particular gratitude to Geoff Bahre for championing
this initiative within UT Libraries and to UT SHIFT for providing the funds
to purchase naloxone.
312
Implementing access in UT Libraries led
to distribution of 312 naloxone doses!
PHARMD EDUCATION
The University of Texas at Austin College of Pharmacy provides 23.5 hours of required
didactic instruction related to substance use disorder and harm reduction. Education is a
key component to broadening perspectives and altering beliefs toward people who use
drugs, and it is crucial for PharmD curricula to support the development of our students
and profession in this domain. Megan, Kami, and Morgan recently led development of
a blog post describing our curriculum, and it has been accepted for publication in Pulses.
New Student Orientation
1.5 hours
• Opioid overdose education &
naloxone distribution training
Foundations of Interprofessional
Collaborative Practice
3 hours
• Screening, brief intervention and
referral to treatment simulation
Pathophysiology
1 hour
• Substance use disorder
pathophysiology lecture
Clinical Skills Lab
2 hours
• Addressing substance use at
the pharmacy counter lecture
• Opioid overdose education
& naloxone distribution
simulation
Nonprescription
Pharmacotherapeutics
5 hours
• Tobacco use disorder lecture
and simulation
Pharmacotherapy of Addiction
11 hours
• Substance use disorders
• Opioid use disorder
• Alcohol use disorder
• Tobacco use disorder
• Intoxication
• Withdrawal
• Stimulant and sedative use
disorder
• Harm reduction
• Behavioral therapies for
substance use disorders
• Management of co-occurring
disorders
• Substance use disorder complex
case review
Addiction Medicine Elective APPE
250 hours
P1
5.5 hours
P2
7 hours
P3
11 hours
P4
250 hours (optional)
Operation Naloxone IPPE Events
2 hours per semester (optional)
ENDOWED LECTURE
Dr. Dasgupta and Ms. Figgatt discussed an
innovative drug checking service developed
by the Opioid Data Lab to inform North
Carolina’s public health response to
substance use challenges. Dr. Dasgupta is an
applied epidemiologist, an associate editor
for the American Journal of Public Health, and
the founder of Project Lazarus. Ms. Figgatt
is a PhD candidate in epidemiology and
implemented Philadelphia’s drug overdose
fatality review program. A recording of this
lecture is available on the events page of
our website.
We extend special thanks to Dean Poloyac for supporting this lecture and other critical PhARM
Program activities through the Bergen Brunswig Corporation Centennial Endowed Fellowship.
Mary Figgat instructing Kasey Claborn (Assistant Professor, Steve Hicks School of Social
Work) to collect and package a sample for testing
Nabarun Dasgupta providing historical perspective on opioid manufacturing and testing
Chandler Prevatt recently
transitioned
from
a
research assistant role to
become our digital content
manager. She created our
outstanding new website
and this annual report! Visit
eliftcreations.com to see
more of Chandler’s work, and hire her to build
your next website.
Sorina Torrez served as
one of the first PhARM
Program research assistants
in 2020–2021, and she will
rejoin us in Summer 2022
as she pursues a MS in
pharmaceutical science.
Sorina will complete clinical
rotations throughout Central Texas and plans to focus
her research on implementation of SUD treatment in
community pharmacies.
In addition to serving as
our Program Coordinator,
Claire is an accomplished
scholar in peer-reviewed
and popular media. In
2020, she was the lead
author for a viewpoint in
Int J Drug Policy exploring
the dangers of isotonitazene. Claire is also well
known for her Etsy Shop featuring high-quality
pins and stickers with harm reduction messaging.
In Summer 2022, Claire will begin completing a
PhD in translational science. She plans to focus her
research on implementation and evaluation of a
low-barrier methadone program.
As the inaugural PhARM
Fellow, and coiner of the
PhARM acronym, Dr. Loera
has been central to our
program’s recent success.
Since 2019, she has
authored six peer-reviewed
manuscripts and 34 peer-
reviewed posters. She has also been recognized
with prestigious research awards from ACCP, AACP,
and UTCOP. In 2022, Dr. Loera was the lead author
for a research brief in Am J Pharm Educ describing
the Addiction Medicine APPE that she created. She
will continue her career in a faculty role at UTCOP
beginning Fall 2022!
STAFF TRANSITIONS
Lindsey J. Loera, PharmD
Claire Zagorski, MSc, LP
Chandler Prevatt , B.S.
Sorina Torrez, PharmD
99
STAFF SPOTLIGHT
PUBLICATIONS
1. Loera LJ, Hill LG, Zagorski CM, Jermain ML, Tirado CF. (2022). Description and evaluation of a pilot
advanced pharmacy practice experience in addiction medicine. Am J Pharm Educ. 8926.
2. Gugala E, Briggs O, Moczygemba LR, Brown CM, Hill LG. (2022). Opioid harm reduction: A
scoping review of physician and system-level gaps in knowledge, education, and practice. Subst Abus.
43(1):972-987.
3. White KM, Hill LG, Perez JC, Torrez SB, Zagorski CM, Loera LJ. (2022). Policies regarding use of
medications for opioid use disorder in professional recovery programs: A scoping review. Subst Abus.
43(1):749-755.
4. Hill LG, Zagorski CM, Loera LJ. (2022). Increasingly powerful opioid antagonists are not necessary.
Int J Drug Policy. 99:103457.
5. Hill LG, Loera LJ, Evoy KE, Torrez SB, Renfro ML, Zagorski CM, Perez JC, Jones SM, Reveles KR. (2021).
Availability of buprenorphine/naloxone films and naloxone nasal spray in community pharmacies in
Texas, USA. Addiction. 116(6):1505-1511.
6. Bottner R, Weems J, Hill LG, Ziebell C, Long S, Young S, Sasser M, Ferguson A, Tirado C. (2021).
Addiction treatment networks cannot withstand acute crises: Lessons from Winter Storm Uri in Texas.
NAM Perspectives.
7. Peckham AM, Ball J, Colvard MD, Dadiomov D, Hill LG, Nichols SD, Tallian K, Ventricelli DJ, Tran TH.
(2021). Leveraging pharmacists to maintain and extend buprenorphine supply for opioid use disorder
amid COVID-19 pandemic. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 78(7):612-618.
8. Evoy KE, Hill LG, Davis CS. (2021). Considering the potential benefits of over-the-counter naloxone.
Integr Pharm Res Pract. 10:13-21.
9. Coon SA, Hill LG, Hutchison RW, et al. (2020). Mobilizing pharmacists to address the opioid crisis:
A joint opinion of the ambulatory care and adult medicine practice and research networks for the
American College of Clinical Pharmacy. J Am Coll Clin Pharm. 3(8):1493-1513.
10. Tran T, Ball J, Bratberg JP, DeSimone EM, Franko TS, Hill LG, Koh-Knox Sharp CP, Palombi L, Ventricelli
D, Farrell D, Gandhi N, Moore T. (2020). Report of the 2020 special committee on substance use and
pharmacy education. Am J Pharm Educ. 84(11):8421.
11. Litten K, Hill LG, Garza A, Srinivasa M. (2020). Increasing naloxone knowledge and use through
direct-to-patient education. J Pharm Technol. 36(6):237-242.
12. Renfro ML, Moczygemba LR, Baumgartner J, Baumgart G, Hill LG. (2020). Opioid-related education
provided by continuing education divisions at US pharmacy schools. Am J Pharm Educ. 84(10):8001.
13. Renfro ML, Loera LJ, Tirado CF, Hill LG. (2020). Lofexidine for acute opioid withdrawal: A clinical
case series. Ment Health Clin. 10(5):259-263.
14. Zagorski CM, Myslinski JM, Hill LG. (2020). Isotonitazene as a contaminant of concern in the illegal
opioid supply: A practical synthesis and cost perspective. Int J Drug Policy. 86:102939.
10
HIGHLIGHTED POSTERS
Non-Cognitive Predictors of Student Success:
A Predictive Validity Comparison Between Domestic and International Students
Description and Evaluation of
a Novel Advanced Pharmacy
Practice Experience (APPE)
in Addiction Medicine
BACKGROUND
●The U.S. faces a substantial burden of societal
harms related to substance use disorders (SUD)
●The 2019 AACP environmental scan identified a
concerning shortage of APPEs in this domain
●Addressing this deficit is essential to ensure
pharmacists are prepared to provide optimal care
●In Summer 2019, the University of Texas at Austin
College of Pharmacy began offering an elective
APPE in addiction medicine
APPE DESCRIPTION
ASSESSMENT METHODS
A 62-item assessment was administered to Summer
2020 students (n=3). The assessment had 51 items to
assess knowledge (47 short answer, 4 multiple choice)
and 11 Likert-scale items to assess confidence.
ASSESSMENT RESULTS
*p=.007
CONCLUSIONS
U.S. colleges of pharmacy that do not yet offer APPEs in
this clinical domain should consider this model.
Lindsey J. Loera, PharmD, RPh
Carlos F. Tirado, MD, MPH, FASAM
Claire M. Zagorski, MSc, LP
Lucas G. Hill, PharmD, BCPS, BCACP
Dr. Tirado has served as a consultant for Alkermes, Inc and US
World Meds, LLC. Dr. Hill has served on the Hikma Speciality Inc.
Community Advisory Board in December 2020. No other authors
have any potential conflicts of interest or funding to report.
A pilot APPE in addiction
medicine addressed a
current gap in pharmacy
education, earned
positive evaluations from
students, and increased
SUD-related knowledge
and confidence.
Pre/Post-APPE Assessment
Neurobiology
Opioid use disorder
Alcohol use disorder
Stimulant use disorder
Tobacco use disorder
Harm reduction
Depression/anxiety
Bipolar disorder
Schizophrenia
10
Sleep disorder
Change in Cumulative Knowledge Scores
Overall*
Student 1 Student 2 Student 3
Pre
Post
Change in Cumulative Confidence Scores
Overall*
Student 1 Student 2 Student 3
“This APPE strengthened an idea that I will carry through
my career: there is hope for every disease state. I want to
be that hope.”
“The insight from this APPE will help me tremendously in
the future to better serve patients who are in recovery.”
“I loved educating patients about their medications
because I always learned something. I feel I will be able
to advocate for patients with SUD in the future and refer
them to appropriate care.”
Free Text Responses from Students
250-260 hours
over 6 weeks
4 Medication Education
Groups with Clients
1 Journal Club
1 Topic Discussion
1 Case Presentation
1 Research Project
Per Student
4 Practice Sites
100
75
50
25
100
75
50
25
●Outpatient medical home
for SUD and psychiatric
disorders
●90-day residential program
●SUD treatment center
(detox, residential,
outpatient)
●Opioid treatment program
Low
Low - Mod
Mod - High
High
60
40
20
0
Low
Low - Mod
Mod - High
High
60
40
20
0
Medication, n (%)
Harris County
Philadelphia County
BUP/NX
47 (19.0)
42 (38.5)
NNS
100 (40.3)
31 (28.4)
Figure 1. Availability of BUP/NX
Figure 2. Availability of NNS
Buprenorphine/naloxone film and naloxone nasal spray pharmacy deserts in
Harris County, Texas and Philadelphia County, Pennsylvania
Persons with opioid use disorder (OUD) must be
able to obtain buprenorphine/naloxone films
(BUP/NX) and naloxone nasal spray (NNS) in a
timely manner to reduce the risk for recurrence of
use, morbidity, and mortality
This study was a focused assessment in two highly
populated and demographically diverse counties
Background
Results
Methods
300 pharmacies
130 pharmacies
Telephone audit conducted from 4/1/2021 to
9/30/2021
Primary outcomes included availability of a one-
week supply of generic BUP/NX 8/2mg and a single
unit of NNS
Secondary outcomes included willingness to order
BUP/NX if unavailable and estimated timeframe
Pharmacies were excluded if unreachable after
three attempts, refused to disclose information, or
were not a community pharmacy
% of Pharmacies
Harris County, n=248
Philadelphia County, n=106
Few pharmacies in these metropolitan counties are
prepared to dispense BUP/NX and NNS, with greater
deficiencies in independent pharmacies.
Conclusions
Medication Availability by Social
Vulnerability Index
BUP/NX
NNS
% of Pharmacies
62
36
58
92
18
31
51
1. The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX; 2. The George
Washington University, Washington, D.C.; 3. University of the
Sciences Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Megan S. Yeung, PharmDc 2023 ; Lindsey J. Loera, PharmD ; Margaret R. Peterson, MSc ; Morgan L. Murchison, PharmDc 2023 ; Kami E.
Johnston, PharmDc 2023 ; Chandler A. Prevatt ; Andrew M. Peterson, PharmD, PhD ; Kelly R. Reveles, PharmD, PhD ; Lucas G. Hill, PharmD
Medication Availability by County
11
Non-Cognitive Predictors of Student Success:
A Predictive Validity Comparison Between Domestic and International Students
Non-Cognitive Predictors of Student Success:
A Predictive Validity Comparison Between Domestic and International Students
A qualitative report of fentanyl
exposure among people who use
drugs in Austin, Texas
BACKGROUND
●Black tar heroin is a tacky, tar-like substance
●From Nov 2020 to Oct 2021, the CDC reported overdose deaths
due to synthetic opioids increased in Texas by 70%
●Little is known about the emergence of fentanyl in states where
black tar heroin predominates
OBJECTIVE
To describe fentanyl exposure, methods of fentanyl identification,
and harm reduction practices among people who use opioids
METHODS
Interviews conducted July 16-23, 2021 of 30 clients
accessing harm reduction services at two mobile
outreach syringe services programs in Austin, TX
Clients reported heroin or fentanyl use within the prior
week
Responses were analyzed using a deductive (via NVivo
12.0) and inductive hybrid approach
CONCLUSIONS
The emergence of fentanyl exposure despite the predominance of
black tar heroin calls for public health initiatives that aim to
reduce associated harms for people who use drugs
This project is supported by Texas Targeted Opioid Response, a public health initiative operated by
the Texas Health and Human Services Commission through federal funding from the Substance
Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration grant award number H79TI083288
RESULTS
Participant Characteristics
Emerging Themes
Methods of Fentanyl Identification
Harm Reduction Recommendations
Sorina B. Torrez, PharmDc 20221 | sorinatorrez@utexas.edu
Austin Buck, PharmDc 20221; Lindsey J. Loera, PharmD1; Claire M. Zagorski, MSc1; Jessica D. Cance,
MPH, PhD2; Amanda Bingaman2; Heather Kane, PhD2; Sara Hairgrove2; Lucas G. Hill, PharmD1.
1. The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX. 2. RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC.
Increased exposure to fentanyl
Methods of detecting and identifying fentanyl
Harm reduction strategies to mitigate risks
56.7% male, 33.3% female, 10% nonbinary
41.7 years median age
66.7% unhoused or in transitional living
50% Caucasian
Use of fentanyl strips
Physical inspection
Experiencing increased effects
Use of fentanyl test stips
Try a smaller amount first
Keep naloxone on hand
People who use opioids
in Austin, TX report
increased exposure to
fentanyl and related
adverse events despite
regional predominance of
black tar heroin
“I’m pretty much always
using fentanyl because
they’re putting it in…
everything now”
“They’ll sell it as
heroin, but it’s not
heroin…”
Availability of buprenorphine/naloxone
films and naloxone nasal spray in
community pharmacies in eleven U.S.
states
INTRODUCTION
Patients with opioid use disorder must be able to obtain
prescribed buprenorphine/naloxone films and naloxone nasal
spray from a community pharmacy promptly to reduce a risk for
recurrence of use and subsequent morbidity and mortality
STUDY QUESTION
Are community pharmacies in 11 U.S. states prepared to
promptly dispense buprenorphine/naloxone films and naloxone
nasal spray?
STUDY DESIGN
●Telephone audit conducted May 2020 to May 2021
●5734 randomly selected pharmacies in eleven U.S. states
●States: AZ, CA, FL, MA, ME, ND, NJ, OH, PA, SD, TX
METHODS
●BUP/NX: #14 generic buprenorphine/naloxone films
●NNS: a single unit of branded naloxone nasal spray
●Assessed availability of each medication, as well as
willingness and timeframe to order the buprenorphine
product
●Compared by pharmacy type, county metropolitan status,
state Medicaid expansion status, and state drug overdose
death rate
CONCLUSIONS
BUP/NX and NNS are not readily available in many U.S.
pharmacies, demonstrating a barrier to timely access of these
vital medications. Deficits are most pronounced in independent
pharmacies, states that have not expanded Medicaid, and states
with relatively low drug overdose rates.
Contact Information: Lindsey J. Loera, PharmD
lindsey.loera@austin.utexas.edu | @TheSUDPharmD
1. The University of Texas at Austin College of Pharmacy 2. KGI School of Pharmacy and Health Sciences 3. University of the Sciences Philadelphia College of Pharmacy 4. North Dakota State University
School of Pharmacy 5. Massachusetts General Hospital Substance Use Disorders Initiative 6. Rutgers New Jersey Medical School 7. Cooper University Healthcare Division of Addiction Medicine
Lindsey J. Loera1, Lucas G. Hill1, Sorina B. Torrez1, Talia Puzantian2, Daniel J.
Ventricelli3, Heidi N. Eukel4, Kirk E. Evoy1, Alyssa M. Peckham5, Clement Chen6,
Valerie S. Ganetsky7, Megan Yeung1, Claire M. Zagorski1, Kelly R. Reveles1
Medication
Metro
(n=4431)
Non-Metro
(n=553)
P-value
High OD
(n=3163)
Low OD
(n=1821)
P-value
Expansion
(n=3448)
Non-Expansion
(n=1536)
P-value
BUP/NX + NNS
1816 (41.0)
238 (43.0)
0.3557
1489 (47.1)
565 (31.0)
<0.0001
1579 (45.8)
475 (30.9)
<0.0001
BUP/NX
2096 (47.3)
310 (56.1)
0.0001
1710 (54.1)
696 (38.2)
<0.0001
1828 (53.0)
578 (37.6)
<0.0001
NNS
3122 (70.5)
344 (62.2)
<0.0001
2383 (75.3)
1083 (59.5)
<0.0001
2503 (72.6)
963 (62.7)
<0.0001
2 Days
Median Order Time for BUP/NX
64.0% of pharmacies that did
not have BUP/NX available
were willing to order it
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
All (n=4984)
ME (n=174)
MA (n=350)
OH (n=361)
AZ (n=366)
ND (n=149)
PA (n=689)
NJ (n=540)
TX (n=704)
SD (n=149)
FL (n=683)
CA (n=819)
Availability of BUP/NX
Overall
Chain
Independent
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
All (n=4984)
MA (n=350)
ME (n=174)
AZ (n=366)
PA (n=689)
OH (n=361)
FL (n=683)
NJ (n=540)
CA (n=819)
TX (n=704)
ND (n=149)
SD (n=149)
Availability of NNS
12
1. Yeung M, Loera LJ, Peterson MR, Murchison ML, Johnston KE, Prevatt CA, Peterson AM, Reveles KR, Hill
LG. Buprenorphine/naloxone film and naloxone nasal spray pharmacy deserts in Harris County, Texas and
Philadelphia County, Pennsylvania. College of Psychiatric & Neurologic Pharmacists Annual Meeting; April
2022.
2. Torrez SB, Buck A, Zagorski CM, Loera LJ, Cance JD, Bingaman A, Kane H, Hairgrove S, Hill LG. A
qualitative report of fentanyl exposure among people who use drugs in Austin, Texas. College of Psychiatric
& Neurologic Pharmacists Annual Meeting; April 2022.
3. Buck A, Bird J, Tirado CF, Loera LJ, Hill LG. Analysis of clinical characteristics of Travis County patients in
a Central Texas outpatient substance use clinic. American Society of Health-System Pharmacists Midyear
Clinical Meeting; December 2021.
4. Houser E, Bicker AM, Torrez SB, Loera LJ, Hill LG. Availability of buprenorphine/naloxone films and
naloxone nasal spray in community pharmacies in Arizona. American Society of Health-System Pharmacists
Midyear Clinical Meeting; December 2021.
5. Pac W, Haley A, Nieman M, Notarianni V, Son D, Roy S, Ventricelli DJ, Torrez SB, Loera LJ, Hill LG.
Availability of buprenorphine/naloxone films and naloxone nasal spray in community pharmacies in Pennsylvania.
American Society of Health-System Pharmacists Midyear Clinical
Meeting; December 2021.
6. Puzantian T, Karapetyan N, Safari MJ, Shaw BA, Singh S, Bokhari F, Reveles KR, Torrez SB, Loera LJ, Hill
LG. Availability of buprenorphine/naloxone films and naloxone nasal spray in community pharmacies in
California. Association for Multidisciplinary Education and Research in Substance Use and Addiction Annual
Meeting; November 2021.
7. Torrez SB, Perez JC, White KM, Loera LJ, Reveles KR, Evoy KE, Zagorski C, Bird J, Buck A, Burgess M, Charles
A, Gonzalez G, Tran A, Wijeratne A, Yeung M, Ukazim G, Nguyen N, Clague M, Hill LG. Availability of
buprenorphine/naloxone films and naloxone nasal spray in community pharmacies in Florida. Association for
Multidisciplinary Education and Research in Substance Use and Addiction Annual Meeting; November 2021.
8. Perez JC, Torrez SB, White KM, Loera LJ, Reveles KR, Evoy KE, Hill LG. Availability of buprenorphine/naloxone
films and naloxone nasal spray in community pharmacies in South Dakota. Association for Multidisciplinary
Education and Research in Substance Use and Addiction Annual Meeting; November 2021.
9. Loera LJ, Hill LG, Torrez SB, Puzantian T, Ventricelli DJ, Eukel HN, Evoy KE, Peckham AM, Chen C, Ganetsky
VS, Yeung M, Zagorski CM, Reveles KR. Availability of buprenorphine/naloxone films and naloxone nasal
spray in community pharmacies in eleven U.S. states. American College of Clinical Pharmacy Annual Meeting;
October 2021. Research Fellowship Best Poster.
13
PEER REVIEWED NATIONAL POSTERS
10. Loera LJ, Tirado CF, Zagorski CM, Hill LG. Description and evaluation of a novel advanced pharmacy
practice experience in addiction medicine. American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy Annual Meeting;
July 2021. Finalist – Best Poster by a Resident, Fellow, or Postdoc.
11. Vogt CM, Burgess MM, Charles AN, Loera LJ, Tirado CF, Hill LG. Analysis of patient-reported
satisfaction with long-acting injectables for opioid and alcohol use disorder in a Central Texas outpatient
clinic. College of Psychiatric & Neurologic Pharmacists Annual Meeting; April 2021.
12. Loera LJ, Hill LG, Zagorski CM, Castleberry AN. Analysis of student pharmacists’ intention to provide
harm reduction resources after brief education and a simulated patient encounter. College of Psychiatric
& Neurologic Pharmacists Annual Meeting; April 2021.
13. White KM, Hill LG, Perez JC, Torrez SB, Zagorski CM, Loera LJ. A scoping review of policies regarding
use of medications for opioid use disorder in professional recovery programs. College of Psychiatric &
Neurologic Pharmacists Annual Meeting; April 2021.
14. Nicholson MA, Patel RY, Solis JA, Evoy KE, Reveles KR, Torrez SB, Loera LJ, Hill LG. Maintaining
momentum on the road to recovery: availability of buprenorphine/naloxone films and naloxone nasal
spray in community pharmacies in Ohio. American Society of Health-System Pharmacists Midyear Clinical
Meeting; December 2020.
15. Burgess MM, Charles A, Vogt C, Reveles KR, Evoy KE, Torrez SB, Loera LJ, Hill LG. Maintaining
momentum on the road to recovery: availability of buprenorphine/naloxone films and naloxone nasal
spray in community pharmacies in Massachusetts. American Society of Health-System Pharmacists Midyear
Clinical Meeting; December 2020.
16. Charles A, Burgess MM, Vogt C, Reveles KR, Evoy KE, Torrez SB, Loera LJ, Hill LG. Maintaining
momentum on the road to recovery: availability of buprenorphine/naloxone films and naloxone nasal
spray in community pharmacies in Maine. American Society of Health-System Pharmacists Midyear
Clinical Meeting; December 2020.
17. Hill LG, Torrez SB, Loera LJ, Renfro ML, Reveles KR, Evoy KE. Assessing the availability of buprenorphine/
naloxone in pharmacies via telephone audit: A feasibility pilot. Association for Multidisciplinary Education
and Research in Substance Use and Addiction Annual Meeting; Boston, MA; November 2020.
18. Loera LJ, Renfro ML, Tirado CF, Hill LG. Description of a novel advanced pharmacy practice experience
in addiction medicine. College of Psychiatric and Neurologic Pharmacists Annual Meeting; Dallas, TX;
March 2020.
19. Renfro ML, Loera LJ, Tirado CF, Hill LG. Lofexidine for acute opioid withdrawal: A clinical case series.
College of Psychiatric and Neurologic Pharmacists Annual Meeting; Dallas, TX; March 2020.
14
G E T I N TO U C H
2409 University Avenue, A1910, PHR 2.222, Austin, TX 78712
PhARMprogram@austin.utexas.edu
@PhARMprogram
PhARMprogram.org
Special thanks to these collaborators!